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The Journal of Experimental Medicine 195 3 Fibrin-invasive activity is conferred to invasion-null recipient cells after transfection of membrane-anchored matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs). Noninvasive CHO-K1 cells were induced to invade three-dimensional fibrin gels when overexpressing MT3-MMP. The ability of MT3-MMP to drive fibrin-invasive activity was shared by MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP but not MT4-MMP. Consistent with these findings, MT1-MMP­null fibroblasts retained the ability to traverse fibrin barriers by utilizing MT3-MMP as an alternate fibrinolysin. These data demonstrate that three membraneanchored MMPs can directly regulate a fibrin-invasive phenotype independently of other proteolytic enzymes. See related article by Hotary et al., pp. 295-308
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