The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published online June 30, 2008
doi:10.1084/jem.20081210
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 205, No. 7, 1523-1527
The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $30.00
© 2008 Saito et al.
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COMMENTARY

 Differential recognition of double-stranded RNA by RIG-I–like receptors in antiviral immunity

Takeshi Saito and Michael Gale, Jr.

T.S. and M.G. are at Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195

CORRESPONDENCE M.G.: mgale{at}u.washington.edu


ABSTRACT
Retinoic acid–inducible gene (RIG)-I–like receptors (RLRs) are cytosolic RNA helicases that sense viral RNA and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. RLRs recognize distinct and overlapping sets of viruses, but the mechanisms that dictate this specificity were unknown. A new study now provides evidence for size-based discrimination of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) by RLRs and suggests how host cells recognize a variety of RNA viruses.


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