The Journal of Experimental Medicine
StemCell Technologies
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Published 16 December 2002. doi:10.1084/jem.20021405
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© Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/2002/12/1617/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 196, Number 12, December 16, 2002 1617-1626

Non–T Cell Activation Linker (NTAL) : A Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Involved in Immunoreceptor Signaling



Tomás Brdicka1, Martin Imrich1, Pavla Angelisová1, Nadezda Brdicková1, Ondrej Horváth1, Jirí Spicka1, Ivan Hilgert1, Petra Lusková1, Petr Dráber1, Petr Novák2, Niklas Engels3, Jürgen Wienands3, Luca Simeoni4, Jan Österreicher5, Enrique Aguado6, Marie Malissen6, Burkhart Schraven4 and Václav Horejsí1

1 Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídenská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
2 Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídenská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
4 Institute for Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 26, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
5 Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Purkyne Military Medical Academy, Trebesská 1575, 500 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
6 Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM-CNRS-Univ. Med., Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France

Address correspondence to Václav Horejsí, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Vídenská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic. Phone: 420-2-41729908; Fax: 420-2-44472282; E-mail: horejsi{at}biomed.cas.cz; or Burkhart Schraven, Institute for Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 26, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Phone: 0391-67-15800; Fax: 0391-67-15852; E-mail: burkhart.schraven{at}medizin.uni-magdeburg.de

A key molecule necessary for activation of T lymphocytes through their antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is the transmembrane adaptor protein LAT (linker for activation of T cells). Upon TCR engagement, LAT becomes rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated and then serves as a scaffold organizing a multicomponent complex that is indispensable for induction of further downstream steps of the signaling cascade. Here we describe the identification and preliminary characterization of a novel transmembrane adaptor protein that is structurally and evolutionarily related to LAT and is expressed in B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and mast cells but not in resting T lymphocytes. This novel transmembrane adaptor protein, termed NTAL (non–T cell activation linker) is the product of a previously identified WBSCR5 gene of so far unknown function. NTAL becomes rapidly tyrosine-phosphorylated upon cross-linking of the B cell receptor (BCR) or of high-affinity Fc{gamma}- and Fc{varepsilon}-receptors of myeloid cells and then associates with the cytoplasmic signaling molecules Grb2, Sos1, Gab1, and c-Cbl. NTAL expressed in the LAT-deficient T cell line J.CaM2.5 becomes tyrosine phosphorylated and rescues activation of Erk1/2 and minimal transient elevation of cytoplasmic calcium level upon TCR/CD3 cross-linking. Thus, NTAL appears to be a structural and possibly also functional homologue of LAT in non–T cells.

Key Words: lipid rafts • membrane microdomains • antigen receptors • Fc gamma receptor • Fc epsilon receptor


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