J. Exp. Med., Volume 189, Number 4, February 15, 1999 615-625

Endotoxin-tolerant Mice Have Mutations in Toll-like Receptor 4 (Tlr4)

By Salman T. Qureshi,^* Line Larivière, Gary Leveque, Sophie Clermont, Karen J. Moore,^¶ Philippe Gros, and Danielle Malo^*§

From the ^* Department of Medicine,  Department of Biochemistry, and ^§ Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1A4; the  Centre for the Study of Host Resistance, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1A4; and ^¶ Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) provokes a vigorous, generalized proinflammatory state in the infected host. Genetic regulation of this response has been localized to the Lps locus on mouse chromosome 4, through study of the C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr inbred strains. Both C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice are homozygous for a mutant Lps allele (Lps^d/d) that confers hyporesponsiveness to LPS challenge, and therefore exhibit natural tolerance to its lethal effects. Genetic and physical mapping of 1,345 backcross progeny segregating this mutant phenotype confined Lps to a 0.9-cM interval spanning 1.7 Mb. Three transcription units were identified within the candidate interval, including Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), part of a protein family with members that have been implicated in LPS-induced cell signaling. C3H/HeJ mice have a point mutation within the coding region of the Tlr4 gene, resulting in a nonconservative substitution of a highly conserved proline by histidine at codon 712, whereas C57BL/ 10ScCr mice exhibit a deletion of Tlr4. Identification of distinct mutations involving the same gene at the Lps locus in two different hyporesponsive inbred mouse strains strongly supports the hypothesis that altered Tlr4 function is responsible for endotoxin tolerance.

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Dittrich, A. M., Chen, H.-C., Xu, L., Ranney, P., Connolly, S., Yarovinsky, T. O., Bottomly, H. K. (2008). A New Mechanism for Inhalational Priming: IL-4 Bypasses Innate Immune Signals. J. Immunol. 181: 7307-7315 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Parker, L. C., Prestwich, E. C., Ward, J. R., Smythe, E., Berry, A., Triantafilou, M., Triantafilou, K., Sabroe, I. (2008). A Phosphatidylserine Species Inhibits a Range of TLR- but Not IL-1{beta}-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Disruption of Membrane Microdomains. J. Immunol. 181: 5606-5617 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Keenan, J. I., Davis, K. A., Beaugie, C. R., McGovern, J. J., Moran, A. P. (2008). Alterations in Helicobacter pylori outer membrane and outer membrane vesicle-associated lipopolysaccharides under iron-limiting growth conditions. Innate Immunity 14: 279-290 [Abstract]  
• Jordan, J. M., Woods, M. E., Olano, J., Walker, D. H. (2008). The Absence of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in C3H/HeJ Mice Predisposes Them to Overwhelming Rickettsial Infection and Decreased Protective Th1 Responses. Infect. Immun. 76: 3717-3724 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, C.-S., Wann, J. G., Hsiao, C.-W., Tai, D. W., Chen, J.-S., Hsu, Y.-H., Huang, H.-C., Chao, C.-F. (2008). Intracellular acidification enhances neutrophil phagocytosis in chronic haemodialysis patients: possible role of CD11b/CD18. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 1642-1649 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Trott, D. L., Hellestad, E. M., Yang, M., Cook, M. E. (2008). Additions of Killed Whole Cell Bacteria Preparations to Freund Complete Adjuvant Alter Laying Hen Antibody Response to Soluble Protein Antigen. Poult. Sci. 87: 912-917 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lehnardt, S., Schott, E., Trimbuch, T., Laubisch, D., Krueger, C., Wulczyn, G., Nitsch, R., Weber, J. R. (2008). A Vicious Cycle Involving Release of Heat Shock Protein 60 from Injured Cells and Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Mediates Neurodegeneration in the CNS. J. Neurosci. 28: 2320-2331 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pegu, A., Qin, S., Fallert Junecko, B. A., Nisato, R. E., Pepper, M. S., Reinhart, T. A. (2008). Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Express Multiple Functional TLRs. J. Immunol. 180: 3399-3405 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kawasaki, T., Choudhry, M. A., Schwacha, M. G., Fujimi, S., Lederer, J. A., Bland, K. I., Chaudry, I. H. (2008). Trauma-hemorrhage inhibits splenic dendritic cell proinflammatory cytokine production via a mitogen-activated protein kinase process. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 294: C754-C764 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Saito, M., Nishikomori, R., Kambe, N., Fujisawa, A., Tanizaki, H., Takeichi, K., Imagawa, T., Iehara, T., Takada, H., Matsubayashi, T., Tanaka, H., Kawashima, H., Kawakami, K., Kagami, S., Okafuji, I., Yoshioka, T., Adachi, S., Heike, T., Miyachi, Y., Nakahata, T. (2008). Disease-associated CIAS1 mutations induce monocyte death, revealing low-level mosaicism in mutation-negative cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome patients. Blood 111: 2132-2141 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Piao, W., Song, C., Chen, H., Wahl, L. M., Fitzgerald, K. A., O'Neill, L. A., Medvedev, A. E. (2008). Tyrosine Phosphorylation of MyD88 Adapter-like (Mal) Is Critical for Signal Transduction and Blocked in Endotoxin Tolerance. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 3109-3119 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Potts, B. E., Hart, M. L., Snyder, L. L., Boyle, D., Mosier, D. A., Chapes, S. K. (2008). Differentiation of C2D Macrophage Cells after Adoptive Transfer. CVI 15: 243-252 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Petersen, B., Bloch, K. D., Ichinose, F., Shin, H.-S., Shigematsu, M., Bagchi, A., Zapol, W. M., Hellman, J. (2008). Activation of Toll-like receptor 2 impairs hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 294: L300-L308 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Oganesyan, G., Saha, S. K., Pietras, E. M., Guo, B., Miyahira, A. K., Zarnegar, B., Cheng, G. (2008). IRF3-dependent Type I Interferon Response in B Cells Regulates CpG-mediated Antibody Production. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 802-808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ghose, R., White, D., Guo, T., Vallejo, J., Karpen, S. J. (2008). Regulation of Hepatic Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Genes by Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Is Independent of Toll-Interleukin 1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor Protein. Drug Metab. Dispos. 36: 95-101 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cannon, T. Y., Guttridge, D., Dahlman, J., George, J. R., Lai, V., Shores, C., Buzkova, P., Couch, M. E. (2007). The Effect of Altered Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling on Cancer Cachexia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 133: 1263-1269 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dunn-Siegrist, I., Leger, O., Daubeuf, B., Poitevin, Y., Depis, F., Herren, S., Kosco-Vilbois, M., Dean, Y., Pugin, J., Elson, G. (2007). Pivotal Involvement of Fc{gamma} Receptor IIA in the Neutralization of Lipopolysaccharide Signaling via a Potent Novel Anti-TLR4 Monoclonal Antibody 15C1. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 34817-34827 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Roy, M.-F., Riendeau, N., Bedard, C., Helie, P., Min-Oo, G., Turcotte, K., Gros, P., Canonne-Hergaux, F., Malo, D. (2007). Pyruvate kinase deficiency confers susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium infection in mice. JEM 204: 2949-2961 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cameron, J. S., Alexopoulou, L., Sloane, J. A., DiBernardo, A. B., Ma, Y., Kosaras, B., Flavell, R., Strittmatter, S. M., Volpe, J., Sidman, R., Vartanian, T. (2007). Toll-Like Receptor 3 Is a Potent Negative Regulator of Axonal Growth in Mammals. J. Neurosci. 27: 13033-13041 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jones, K. L., Mansell, A., Patella, S., Scott, B. J., Hedger, M. P., de Kretser, D. M., Phillips, D. J. (2007). Activin A is a critical component of the inflammatory response, and its binding protein, follistatin, reduces mortality in endotoxemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 16239-16244 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Decalf, J., Fernandes, S., Longman, R., Ahloulay, M., Audat, F., Lefrerre, F., Rice, C. M., Pol, S., Albert, M. L. (2007). Plasmacytoid dendritic cells initiate a complex chemokine and cytokine network and are a viable drug target in chronic HCV patients. JEM 204: 2423-2437 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thibault, S., Tardif, M. R., Barat, C., Tremblay, M. J. (2007). TLR2 Signaling Renders Quiescent Naive and Memory CD4+ T Cells More Susceptible to Productive Infection with X4 and R5 HIV-Type 1. J. Immunol. 179: 4357-4366 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Leaphart, C. L., Cavallo, J., Gribar, S. C., Cetin, S., Li, J., Branca, M. F., Dubowski, T. D., Sodhi, C. P., Hackam, D. J. (2007). A Critical Role for TLR4 in the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Modulating Intestinal Injury and Repair. J. Immunol. 179: 4808-4820 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sancho-Shimizu, V., Khan, R., Mostowy, S., Lariviere, L., Wilkinson, R., Riendeau, N., Behr, M., Malo, D. (2007). Molecular Genetic Analysis of Two Loci (Ity2 and Ity3) Involved in the Host Response to Infection With Salmonella Typhimurium Using Congenic Mice and Expression Profiling. Genetics 177: 1125-1139 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Young Goo, S., Han, Y. S., Kim, W. H., Lee, K.-H., Park, S.-J. (2007). Vibrio vulnificus IlpA-induced Cytokine Production Is Mediated by Toll-like Receptor 2. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 27647-27658 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ribeiro-Gomes, F. L., Moniz-de-Souza, M. C. A., Alexandre-Moreira, M. S., Dias, W. B., Lopes, M. F., Nunes, M. P., Lungarella, G., DosReis, G. A. (2007). Neutrophils Activate Macrophages for Intracellular Killing of Leishmania major through Recruitment of TLR4 by Neutrophil Elastase. J. Immunol. 179: 3988-3994 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Turcotte, K., Gauthier, S., Malo, D., Tam, M., Stevenson, M. M., Gros, P. (2007). Icsbp1/IRF-8 Is Required for Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses against Intracellular Pathogens. J. Immunol. 179: 2467-2476 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lamb, R. J., Capocasale, R. J., Duffy, K. E., Sarisky, R. T., Mbow, M. L. (2007). Identification and Characterization of Novel Bone Marrow Myeloid DEC205+Gr-1+ Cell Subsets That Differentially Express Chemokine and TLRs. J. Immunol. 178: 7833-7839 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nolte, M. A., LeibundGut-Landmann, S., Joffre, O., Sousa, C. R. e (2007). Dendritic cell quiescence during systemic inflammation driven by LPS stimulation of radioresistant cells in vivo. JEM 204: 1487-1501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Medvedev, A. E., Piao, W., Shoenfelt, J., Rhee, S. H., Chen, H., Basu, S., Wahl, L. M., Fenton, M. J., Vogel, S. N. (2007). Role of TLR4 Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Signal Transduction and Endotoxin Tolerance. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 16042-16053 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yanagawa, Y., Onoe, K. (2007). Enhanced IL-10 Production by TLR4- and TLR2-Primed Dendritic Cells upon TLR Restimulation. J. Immunol. 178: 6173-6180 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karrasch, T., Kim, J.-S., Muhlbauer, M., Magness, S. T., Jobin, C. (2007). Gnotobiotic IL-10-/-;NF-{kappa}BEGFP Mice Reveal the Critical Role of TLR/NF-{kappa}B Signaling in Commensal Bacteria-Induced Colitis. J. Immunol. 178: 6522-6532 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fan, J., Li, Y., Levy, R. M., Fan, J. J., Hackam, D. J., Vodovotz, Y., Yang, H., Tracey, K. J., Billiar, T. R., Wilson, M. A. (2007). Hemorrhagic Shock Induces NAD(P)H Oxidase Activation in Neutrophils: Role of HMGB1-TLR4 Signaling. J. Immunol. 178: 6573-6580 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ilievski, V., Lu, S.-J., Hirsch, E. (2007). Activation of Toll-like Receptors 2 or 3 and Preterm Delivery in the Mouse. Reproductive Sciences 14: 315-320 [Abstract]  
• Chaudhuri, N., Whyte, M. K. B., Sabroe, I. (2007). Reducing the Toll of Inflammatory Lung Disease. Chest 131: 1550-1556 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hsieh, Y.-C., Frink, M., Hsieh, C.-H., Choudhry, M. A., Schwacha, M. G., Bland, K. I., Chaudry, I. H. (2007). Downregulation of migration inhibitory factor is critical for estrogen-mediated attenuation of lung tissue damage following trauma-hemorrhage. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 292: L1227-L1232 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Caso, J. R., Pradillo, J. M., Hurtado, O., Lorenzo, P., Moro, M. A., Lizasoain, I. (2007). Toll-Like Receptor 4 Is Involved in Brain Damage and Inflammation After Experimental Stroke. Circulation 115: 1599-1608 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hamm, S., Heit, A., Koffler, M., Huster, K. M., Akira, S., Busch, D. H., Wagner, H., Bauer, S. (2007). Immunostimulatory RNA is a potent inducer of antigen-specific cytotoxic and humoral immune response in vivo. Int Immunol 19: 297-304 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Toshchakov, V. Y., Fenton, M. J., Vogel, S. N. (2007). Cutting Edge: Differential Inhibition of TLR Signaling Pathways by Cell-Permeable Peptides Representing BB Loops of TLRs. J. Immunol. 178: 2655-2660 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mahieu, T., Libert, C. (2007). Should We Inhibit Type I Interferons in Sepsis?. Infect. Immun. 75: 22-29 [Full Text]  
• Cha, M.-H., Rhim, T., Kim, K. H., Jang, A.-S., Paik, Y.-K., Park, C.-S. (2007). Proteomic Identification of Macrophage Migration-inhibitory Factor upon Exposure to TiO2 Particles. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6: 56-63 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ponomarev, E. D., Shriver, L. P., Maresz, K., Pedras-Vasconcelos, J., Verthelyi, D., Dittel, B. N. (2007). GM-CSF Production by Autoreactive T Cells Is Required for the Activation of Microglial Cells and the Onset of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 178: 39-48 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bolz, D. D., Sundsbak, R. S., Ma, Y., Akira, S., Weis, J. H., Schwan, T. G., Weis, J. J. (2006). Dual Role of MyD88 in Rapid Clearance of Relapsing Fever Borrelia spp.. Infect. Immun. 74: 6750-6760 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Flacher, V., Bouschbacher, M., Verronese, E., Massacrier, C., Sisirak, V., Berthier-Vergnes, O., de Saint-Vis, B., Caux, C., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Lebecque, S., Valladeau, J. (2006). Human Langerhans Cells Express a Specific TLR Profile and Differentially Respond to Viruses and Gram-Positive Bacteria. J. Immunol. 177: 7959-7967 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boehme, K. W., Guerrero, M., Compton, T. (2006). Human Cytomegalovirus Envelope Glycoproteins B and H Are Necessary for TLR2 Activation in Permissive Cells. J. Immunol. 177: 7094-7102 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Triantafilou, M., Gamper, F. G. J., Haston, R. M., Mouratis, M. A., Morath, S., Hartung, T., Triantafilou, K. (2006). Membrane Sorting of Toll-like Receptor (TLR)-2/6 and TLR2/1 Heterodimers at the Cell Surface Determines Heterotypic Associations with CD36 and Intracellular Targeting. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 31002-31011 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Togbe, D., Schnyder-Candrian, S., Schnyder, B., Couillin, I., Maillet, I., Bihl, F., Malo, D., Ryffel, B., Quesniaux, V. F. J. (2006). TLR4 gene dosage contributes to endotoxin-induced acute respiratory inflammation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 80: 451-457 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miyake, K. (2006). Invited review: Roles for accessory molecules in microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors. Innate Immunity 12: 195-204 [Abstract]  
• Wakabayashi, Y., Kobayashi, M., Akashi-Takamura, S., Tanimura, N., Konno, K., Takahashi, K., Ishii, T., Mizutani, T., Iba, H., Kouro, T., Takaki, S., Takatsu, K., Oda, Y., Ishihama, Y., Saitoh, S.-i., Miyake, K. (2006). A Protein Associated with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (PRAT4A) Regulates Cell Surface Expression of TLR4. J. Immunol. 177: 1772-1779 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zoeteweij, J. P., Epperson, D. E., Porter, J. D., Zhang, C. X., Frolova, O. Y., Constantinides, A. P., Fuhrmann, S. R., El-Amine, M., Tian, J.-H., Ellingsworth, L. R., Glenn, G. M. (2006). GM1 Binding-Deficient Exotoxin Is a Potent Noninflammatory Broad Spectrum Intradermal Immunoadjuvant. J. Immunol. 177: 1197-1207 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nemchinov, L. G., Paape, M. J., Sohn, E. J., Bannerman, D. D., Zarlenga, D. S., Hammond, R. W. (2006). Bovine CD14 receptor produced in plants reduces severity of intramammary bacterial infection. FASEB J. 20: 1345-1351 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lehnardt, S., Henneke, P., Lien, E., Kasper, D. L., Volpe, J. J., Bechmann, I., Nitsch, R., Weber, J. R., Golenbock, D. T., Vartanian, T. (2006). A Mechanism for Neurodegeneration Induced by Group B Streptococci through Activation of the TLR2/MyD88 Pathway in Microglia. J. Immunol. 177: 583-592 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rolland, A., Jouvin-Marche, E., Viret, C., Faure, M., Perron, H., Marche, P. N. (2006). The Envelope Protein of a Human Endogenous Retrovirus-W Family Activates Innate Immunity through CD14/TLR4 and Promotes Th1-Like Responses.. J. Immunol. 176: 7636-7644 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McGettrick, A. F., Brint, E. K., Palsson-McDermott, E. M., Rowe, D. C., Golenbock, D. T., Gay, N. J., Fitzgerald, K. A., O'Neill, L. A. J. (2006). Trif-related adapter molecule is phosphorylated by PKC{varepsilon} during Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 9196-9201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Medvedev, A. E., Sabroe, I., Hasday, J. D., Vogel, S. N. (2006). Invited review: Tolerance to microbial TLR ligands: molecular mechanisms and relevance to disease. Innate Immunity 12: 133-150 [Abstract]  
• Chiang, E., Dang, O., Anderson, K., Matsuzawa, A., Ichijo, H., David, M. (2006). Cutting Edge: Apoptosis-Regulating Signal Kinase 1 Is Required for Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Activation of IFN Regulatory Factor 3 by Lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 176: 5720-5724 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fang, H., Xu, L., Chen, T. Y., Cyr, J. M., Frucht, D. M. (2006). Anthrax Lethal Toxin Has Direct and Potent Inhibitory Effects on B Cell Proliferation and Immunoglobulin Production. J. Immunol. 176: 6155-6161 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, M., Saitoh, S.-i., Tanimura, N., Takahashi, K., Kawasaki, K., Nishijima, M., Fujimoto, Y., Fukase, K., Akashi-Takamura, S., Miyake, K. (2006). Regulatory Roles for MD-2 and TLR4 in Ligand-Induced Receptor Clustering. J. Immunol. 176: 6211-6218 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Viriyakosol, S., Tobias, P. S., Kirkland, T. N. (2006). Mutational Analysis of Membrane and Soluble Forms of Human MD-2. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 11955-11964 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Totemeyer, S., Sheppard, M., Lloyd, A., Roper, D., Dowson, C., Underhill, D., Murray, P., Maskell, D., Bryant, C. (2006). IFN-{gamma} Enhances Production of Nitric Oxide from Macrophages via a Mechanism That Depends on Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain-2.. J. Immunol. 176: 4804-4810 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Akashi-Takamura, S., Furuta, T., Takahashi, K., Tanimura, N., Kusumoto, Y., Kobayashi, T., Saitoh, S.-i., Adachi, Y., Doi, T., Miyake, K. (2006). Agonistic Antibody to TLR4/MD-2 Protects Mice from Acute Lethal Hepatitis Induced by TNF-{alpha}. J. Immunol. 176: 4244-4251 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fan, J., Li, Y., Vodovotz, Y., Billiar, T. R., Wilson, M. A. (2006). Hemorrhagic shock-activated neutrophils augment TLR4 signaling-induced TLR2 upregulation in alveolar macrophages: role in hemorrhage-primed lung inflammation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 290: L738-L746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kozak, W., Wrotek, S., Kozak, A. (2006). Pyrogenicity of CpG-DNA in mice: role of interleukin-6, cyclooxygenases, and nuclear factor-{kappa}B. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 290: R871-R880 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Neal, M. D., Leaphart, C., Levy, R., Prince, J., Billiar, T. R., Watkins, S., Li, J., Cetin, S., Ford, H., Schreiber, A., Hackam, D. J. (2006). Enterocyte TLR4 Mediates Phagocytosis and Translocation of Bacteria Across the Intestinal Barrier.. J. Immunol. 176: 3070-3079 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thomas, K. E., Sapone, A., Fasano, A., Vogel, S. N. (2006). Gliadin Stimulation of Murine Macrophage Inflammatory Gene Expression and Intestinal Permeability Are MyD88-Dependent: Role of the Innate Immune Response in Celiac Disease. J. Immunol. 176: 2512-2521 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Korshunov, V. A., Nikonenko, T. A., Tkachuk, V. A., Brooks, A., Berk, B. C. (2006). Interleukin-18 and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Are Associated With Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickening. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 26: 295-300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cohn, E. F., Nathan, C., Radzioch, D., Yu, H., Xiang, Z., Ding, A. (2006). Abrupt Expression of TLR4 in TLR4-Deficient Macrophages Imposes a Selective Disadvantage: Genetic Evidence for TLR4-Dependent Responses to Endogenous, Nonmicrobial Stimuli. J. Immunol. 176: 1185-1194 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Eckert, M., Wittmann, I., Rollinghoff, M., Gessner, A., Schnare, M. (2006). Endotoxin-Induced Expression of Murine Bactericidal Permeability/Increasing Protein Is Mediated Exclusively by Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor Inducing IFN-{beta}-Dependent Pathways. J. Immunol. 176: 522-528 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, Y.-C., Giovannucci, E., Lazarus, R., Kraft, P., Ketkar, S., Hunter, D. J. (2005). Sequence Variants of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res. 65: 11771-11778 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Guo, Z., Garg, S., Hill, K. M., Jayashankar, L., Mooney, M. R., Hoelscher, M., Katz, J. M., Boss, J. M., Sambhara, S. (2005). A Distal Regulatory Region Is Required for Constitutive and IFN-{beta}-Induced Expression of Murine TLR9 Gene. J. Immunol. 175: 7407-7418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Qi, H.-Y., Shelhamer, J. H. (2005). Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling Regulates Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Activation and Lipid Generation in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 38969-38975 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jiang, W., Sun, R., Wei, H., Tian, Z. (2005). Toll-like receptor 3 ligand attenuates LPS-induced liver injury by down-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 expression on macrophages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 17077-17082 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rosenkranz, M. E., Schulte, D. J., Agle, L. M.A., Wong, M. H., Zhang, W., Ivashkiv, L., Doherty, T. M., Fishbein, M. C., Lehman, T. J.A., Michelsen, K. S., Arditi, M. (2005). TLR2 and MyD88 Contribute to Lactobacillus casei Extract-Induced Focal Coronary Arteritis in a Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease. Circulation 112: 2966-2973 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hadley, J. S., Wang, J. E., Foster, S. J., Thiemermann, C., Hinds, C. J. (2005). Peptidoglycan of Staphylococcus aureus Upregulates Monocyte Expression of CD14, Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2), and TLR4 in Human Blood: Possible Implications for Priming of Lipopolysaccharide Signaling. Infect. Immun. 73: 7613-7619 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Koraha, J., Tsuneyoshi, N., Kimoto, M., Gauchat, J.-F., Nakatake, H., Fukudome, K. (2005). Comparison of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Functions of CD14 and MD-2. CVI 12: 1292-1297 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hattar, K., van Burck, S., Bickenbach, A., Grandel, U., Maus, U., Lohmeyer, J., Csernok, E., Hartung, T., Seeger, W., Grimminger, F., Sibelius, U. (2005). Anti-proteinase 3 antibodies (c-ANCA) prime CD14-dependent leukocyte activation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 78: 992-1000 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pedchenko, T. V., Park, G. Y., Joo, M., Blackwell, T. S., Christman, J. W. (2005). Inducible binding of PU.1 and interacting proteins to the Toll-like receptor 4 promoter during endotoxemia. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 289: L429-L437 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Quintana, F. J., Cohen, I. R. (2005). Heat Shock Proteins as Endogenous Adjuvants in Sterile and Septic Inflammation. J. Immunol. 175: 2777-2782 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goralski, K. B., Abdulla, D., Sinal, C. J., Arsenault, A., Renton, K. W. (2005). Toll-like receptor-4 regulation of hepatic Cyp3a11 metabolism in a mouse model of LPS-induced CNS inflammation. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 289: G434-G443 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yang, X., Coriolan, D., Murthy, V., Schultz, K., Golenbock, D. T., Beasley, D. (2005). Proinflammatory phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells: role of efficient Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 289: H1069-H1076 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fan, H., Zingarelli, B., Peck, O. M., Teti, G., Tempel, G. E., Halushka, P. V., Cook, J. A. (2005). Lipopolysaccharide- and gram-positive bacteria-induced cellular inflammatory responses: role of heterotrimeric G{alpha}i proteins. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 289: C293-C301 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Steiner, A. A., Chakravarty, S., Robbins, J. R., Dragic, A. S., Pan, J., Herkenham, M., Romanovsky, A. A. (2005). Thermoregulatory responses of rats to conventional preparations of lipopolysaccharide are caused by lipopolysaccharide per se-- not by lipoprotein contaminants. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 289: R348-R352 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dixon, D.R., Darveau, R.P. (2005). Lipopolysaccharide Heterogeneity: Innate Host Responses to Bacterial Modification of Lipid A Structure. J. Dent. Res. 84: 584-595 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Matsumoto, S., Matsumoto, M., Umemori, K., Ozeki, Y., Furugen, M., Tatsuo, T., Hirayama, Y., Yamamoto, S., Yamada, T., Kobayashi, K. (2005). DNA Augments Antigenicity of Mycobacterial DNA-Binding Protein 1 and Confers Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice. J. Immunol. 175: 441-449 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Toshchakov, V. U., Basu, S., Fenton, M. J., Vogel, S. N. (2005). Differential Involvement of BB Loops of Toll-IL-1 Resistance (TIR) Domain-Containing Adapter Proteins in TLR4- versus TLR2-Mediated Signal Transduction. J. Immunol. 175: 494-500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bluml, S., Kirchberger, S., Bochkov, V. N., Kronke, G., Stuhlmeier, K., Majdic, O., Zlabinger, G. J., Knapp, W., Binder, B. R., Stockl, J., Leitinger, N. (2005). Oxidized Phospholipids Negatively Regulate Dendritic Cell Maturation Induced by TLRs and CD40. J. Immunol. 175: 501-508 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cho, H.-Y., Jedlicka, A. E., Clarke, R., Kleeberger, S. R. (2005). Role of Toll-like receptor-4 in genetic susceptibility to lung injury induced by residual oil fly ash. Physiol. Genomics 22: 108-117 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mancek Keber, M., Gradisar, H., Jerala, R. (2005). MD-2 and Der p 2 -- a tale of two cousins or distant relatives?. Innate Immunity 11: 186-192 [Abstract]  
• Saha, S., Engstrom, L., Mackerlova, L., Jakobsson, P.-J., Blomqvist, A. (2005). Impaired febrile responses to immune challenge in mice deficient in microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 288: R1100-R1107 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kaiser, W. J., Offermann, M. K. (2005). Apoptosis Induced by the Toll-Like Receptor Adaptor TRIF Is Dependent on Its Receptor Interacting Protein Homotypic Interaction Motif. J. Immunol. 174: 4942-4952 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hollingsworth, J. W., Chen, B. J., Brass, D. M., Berman, K., Gunn, M. D., Cook, D. N., Schwartz, D. A. (2005). The Critical Role of Hematopoietic Cells in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Airway Inflammation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 171: 806-813 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Morris, G. E., Whyte, M. K. B., Martin, G. F., Jose, P. J., Dower, S. K., Sabroe, I. (2005). Agonists of Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 Activate Airway Smooth Muscle via Mononuclear Leukocytes. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 171: 814-822 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Iqbal, M., Philbin, V. J., Withanage, G. S. K., Wigley, P., Beal, R. K., Goodchild, M. J., Barrow, P., McConnell, I., Maskell, D. J., Young, J., Bumstead, N., Boyd, Y., Smith, A. L. (2005). Identification and Functional Characterization of Chicken Toll-Like Receptor 5 Reveals a Fundamental Role in the Biology of Infection with Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium. Infect. Immun. 73: 2344-2350 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hirsch, E., Wang, H. (2005). The Molecular Pathophysiology of Bacterially Induced Preterm Labor: Insights From the Murine Model. Reproductive Sciences 12: 145-155 [Abstract]  
• Lentschat, A., Karahashi, H., Michelsen, K. S., Thomas, L. S., Zhang, W., Vogel, S. N., Arditi, M. (2005). Mastoparan, a G Protein Agonist Peptide, Differentially Modulates TLR4- and TLR2-Mediated Signaling in Human Endothelial Cells and Murine Macrophages. J. Immunol. 174: 4252-4261 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS