J. Exp. Med.
© The Rockefeller University Press
0022-1007/97/07/183/05 $2.00
Volume 186, Number 2, July 21, 1997 183-187

Protective Immunity to Nematode Infection Is Induced by CTLA-4 Blockade

By Kathy McCoy, Mali Camberis, and Graham Le Gros

From the Malaghan Institute for Medical Research, Wellington School of Medicine, Wellington, New Zealand

The recent observation that neutralization or genetic deletion of the T lymphocyte receptor CTLA-4 allows enhanced T cell reactivity offers new opportunities for immunotherapy against infectious agents. We used a neutralizing antibody to block CTLA-4 interaction with its ligands CD80 and CD86 during infection of mice with the nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. CTLA-4 blockade greatly enhanced and accelerated the T cell immune response to N. brasiliensis, resulting in a profound reduction in adult worm numbers and early termination of parasite egg production. The ability of CTLA-4 blockade to accelerate primary immune responses to a protective level during an acute infection indicates its potential as an immunotherapeutic tool for dealing with infectious agents.

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