Crosslinking CD4 by human immunodeficiency virus gp120 primes T cells for activation-induced apoptosis

doi:10.1084/jem.176.4.1099

This Article

	Full Text (PDF, 1028K)
	Alert me when this article is cited
	Citation Map

Services

	Email this article
	Similar articles in this journal
	Similar articles in PubMed
	Alert me to new content in the JEM
	Download to citation manager

Citing Articles

	Citing Articles via HighWire
	Citing Articles via CrossRef
	Citing Articles via Google Scholar

Google Scholar

	Articles by Banda, N. K.
	Articles by Finkel, T. H.
	Search for Related Content

PubMed

	PubMed Citation
	Articles by Banda, N. K.
	Articles by Finkel, T. H.


Social Bookmarking

	What's this?

ARTICLES

Crosslinking CD4 by human immunodeficiency virus gp120 primes T cells for activation-induced apoptosis

NK Banda, J Bernier, DK Kurahara, R Kurrle, N Haigwood, RP Sekaly and TH Finkel
Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.

During human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection there is a profound and selective decrease in the CD4+ population of T lymphocytes. The mechanism of this depletion is not understood, as only a small fraction of all CD4+ cells appear to be productively infected with HIV-1 in seropositive individuals. In the present study, crosslinking of bound gp120 on human CD4+ T cells followed by signaling through the T cell receptor for antigen was found to result in activation-dependent cell death by a form of cell suicide termed apoptosis, or programmed cell death. The data indicate that even picomolar concentrations of gp120 prime T cells for activation-induced cell death, suggesting a mechanism for CD4+ T cell depletion in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), particularly in the face of concurrent infection and antigenic challenge with other organisms. These results also provide an explanation for the enhancement of infection by certain antibodies against HIV, and for the paradox that HIV appears to cause AIDS after the onset of antiviral immunity.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike Add to Complore Complore Add to Connotea Connotea Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us Add to Digg Digg Add to Reddit Reddit Add to Technorati Technorati What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

Trushin, S. A., Algeciras-Schimnich, A., Vlahakis, S. R., Bren, G. D., Warren, S., Schnepple, D. J., Badley, A. D. (2007). Glycoprotein 120 Binding to CXCR4 Causes p38-Dependent Primary T Cell Death That Is Facilitated by, but Does Not Require Cell-Associated CD4. J. Immunol. 178: 4846-4853 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Trujillo, J. R., Rogers, R., Molina, R. M., Dangond, F., McLane, M. F., Essex, M., Brain, J. D. (2007). Noninfectious entry of HIV-1 into peripheral and brain macrophages mediated by the mannose receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 5097-5102 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Fernando, K., Hu, H., Ni, H., Hoxie, J. A., Weissman, D. (2007). Vaccine-delivered HIV envelope inhibits CD4+ T-cell activation, a mechanism for poor HIV vaccine responses. Blood 109: 2538-2544 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Vassena, L., Proschan, M., Fauci, A. S., Lusso, P. (2007). Interleukin 7 reduces the levels of spontaneous apoptosis in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from HIV-1-infected individuals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 2355-2360 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ji, J., Chen, J. J-Y., Braciale, V. L., Cloyd, M. W. (2007). Apoptosis induced in HIV-1-exposed, resting CD4+ T cells subsequent to signaling through homing receptors is Fas/Fas ligand-mediated. J. Leukoc. Biol. 81: 297-305 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Wahl, S. M., Greenwell-Wild, T., Vazquez, N. (2006). HIV accomplices and adversaries in macrophage infection. J. Leukoc. Biol. 80: 973-983 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Anand, A. R., Ganju, R. K. (2006). HIV-1 gp120-mediated Apoptosis of T Cells Is Regulated by the Membrane Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 12289-12299 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cicala, C., Arthos, J., Martinelli, E., Censoplano, N., Cruz, C. C., Chung, E., Selig, S. M., Van Ryk, D., Yang, J., Jagannatha, S., Chun, T. W., Ren, P., Lempicki, R. A., Fauci, A. S. (2006). R5 and X4 HIV envelopes induce distinct gene expression profiles in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 3746-3751 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kottilil, S., Shin, K., Jackson, J. O., Reitano, K. N., O'Shea, M. A., Yang, J., Hallahan, C. W., Lempicki, R., Arthos, J., Fauci, A. S. (2006). Innate Immune Dysfunction in HIV Infection: Effect of HIV Envelope-NK Cell Interactions. J. Immunol. 176: 1107-1114 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Huang, C., Narayanan, K., Ito, N., Peters, C. J., Makino, S. (2006). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 3a Protein Is Released in Membranous Structures from 3a Protein-Expressing Cells and Infected Cells. J. Virol. 80: 210-217 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Balasubramanian, A., Munshi, N., Koziel, M. J., Hu, Z., Liang, T. J., Groopman, J. E., Ganju, R. K. (2005). Structural proteins of Hepatitis C virus induce interleukin 8 production and apoptosis in human endothelial cells. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 3291-3301 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lee, C., Tomkowicz, B., Freedman, B. D., Collman, R. G. (2005). HIV-1 gp120-induced TNF-{alpha} production by primary human macrophages is mediated by phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI-3) kinase and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways. J. Leukoc. Biol. 78: 1016-1023 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Holm, G. H., Gabuzda, D. (2005). Distinct Mechanisms of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Activation and Bystander Apoptosis Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virions. J. Virol. 79: 6299-6311 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Schindler, M., Munch, J., Kirchhoff, F. (2005). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Inhibits DNA Damage-Triggered Apoptosis by a Nef-Independent Mechanism. J. Virol. 79: 5489-5498 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gulow, K., Kaminski, M., Darvas, K., Suss, D., Li-Weber, M., Krammer, P. H. (2005). HIV-1 Trans-Activator of Transcription Substitutes for Oxidative Signaling in Activation-Induced T Cell Death. J. Immunol. 174: 5249-5260 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yue, F. Y., Kovacs, C. M., Dimayuga, R. C., Gu, X. X. J., Parks, P., Kaul, R., Ostrowski, M. A. (2005). Preferential Apoptosis of HIV-1-Specific CD4+ T Cells. J. Immunol. 174: 2196-2204 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Huang, M.-B., Jin, L. L., James, C. O., Khan, M., Powell, M. D., Bond, V. C. (2004). Characterization of Nef-CXCR4 Interactions Important for Apoptosis Induction. J. Virol. 78: 11084-11096 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Decrion, A.-Z., Varin, A., Estavoyer, J.-M., Herbein, G. (2004). CXCR4-mediated T cell apoptosis in human immunodeficiency virus infection. J. Gen. Virol. 85: 1471-1478 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Holm, G. H., Zhang, C., Gorry, P. R., Peden, K., Schols, D., De Clercq, E., Gabuzda, D. (2004). Apoptosis of Bystander T Cells Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with Increased Envelope/Receptor Affinity and Coreceptor Binding Site Exposure. J. Virol. 78: 4541-4551 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Stanziale, S. F., Petrowsky, H., Adusumilli, P. S., Ben-Porat, L., Gonen, M., Fong, Y. (2004). Infection with Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Induces Apoptosis in Neighboring Human Cancer Cells: A Potential Target to Increase Anticancer Activity. Clin. Cancer Res. 10: 3225-3232 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Zhang, R., Fichtenbaum, C. J., Hildeman, D. A., Lifson, J. D., Chougnet, C. (2004). CD40 Ligand Dysregulation in HIV Infection: HIV Glycoprotein 120 Inhibits Signaling Cascades Upstream of CD40 Ligand Transcription. J. Immunol. 172: 2678-2686 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Masci, A. M., Galgani, M., Cassano, S., De Simone, S., Gallo, A., De Rosa, V., Zappacosta, S., Racioppi, L. (2003). HIV-1 gp120 induces anergy in naive T lymphocytes through CD4-independent protein kinase-A-mediated signaling. J. Leukoc. Biol. 74: 1117-1124 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lee, C., Liu, Q.-H., Tomkowicz, B., Yi, Y., Freedman, B. D., Collman, R. G. (2003). Macrophage activation through CCR5- and CXCR4-mediated gp120-elicited signaling pathways. J. Leukoc. Biol. 74: 676-682 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Chougnet, C. (2003). Role of CD40 Ligand dysregulation in HIV-associated dysfunction of antigen-presenting cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 74: 702-709 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Jiang, J., Lau, L. L., Shen, H. (2003). Selective Depletion of Nonspecific T Cells During the Early Stage of Immune Responses to Infection. J. Immunol. 171: 4352-4358 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Komoto, S., Tsuji, S., Ibrahim, M. S., Li, Y.-G., Warachit, J., Taniguchi, K., Ikuta, K. (2003). The Vpu Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Plays a Protective Role against Virus-Induced Apoptosis in Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 77: 10304-10313 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Alimonti, J. B., Ball, T. B., Fowke, K. R. (2003). Mechanisms of CD4+ T lymphocyte cell death in human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS. J. Gen. Virol. 84: 1649-1661 [Abstract] [Full Text]
LaBonte, J. A., Madani, N., Sodroski, J. (2003). Cytolysis by CCR5-Using Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoproteins Is Dependent on Membrane Fusion and Can Be Inhibited by High Levels of CD4 Expression. J. Virol. 77: 6645-6659 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tamma, S. M. L., Coico, R. F. (2003). IgD-receptor (IgD-R) cross-linking partially protects murine T cells from dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 73: 764-770 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kinter, A. L., Umscheid, C. A., Arthos, J., Cicala, C., Lin, Y., Jackson, R., Donoghue, E., Ehler, L., Adelsberger, J., Rabin, R. L., Fauci, A. S. (2003). HIV Envelope Induces Virus Expression from Resting CD4+ T Cells Isolated from HIV-Infected Individuals in the Absence of Markers of Cellular Activation or Apoptosis. J. Immunol. 170: 2449-2455 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gosselin, A.-S., Simonin, Y., Guivel-Benhassine, F., Rincheval, V., Vayssiere, J.-L., Mignotte, B., Colbere-Garapin, F., Couderc, T., Blondel, B. (2002). Poliovirus-Induced Apoptosis Is Reduced in Cells Expressing a Mutant CD155 Selected during Persistent Poliovirus Infection in Neuroblastoma Cells. J. Virol. 77: 790-798 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Amara, R. R., Smith, J. M., Staprans, S. I., Montefiori, D. C., Villinger, F., Altman, J. D., O'Neil, S. P., Kozyr, N. L., Xu, Y., Wyatt, L. S., Earl, P. L., Herndon, J. G., McNicholl, J. M., McClure, H. M., Moss, B., Robinson, H. L. (2002). Critical Role for Env as well as Gag-Pol in Control of a Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus 89.6P Challenge by a DNA Prime/Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccine. J. Virol. 76: 6138-6146 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lenardo, M. J., Angleman, S. B., Bounkeua, V., Dimas, J., Duvall, M. G., Graubard, M. B., Hornung, F., Selkirk, M. C., Speirs, C. K., Trageser, C., Orenstein, J. O., Bolton, D. L. (2002). Cytopathic Killing of Peripheral Blood CD4+ T Lymphocytes by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Appears Necrotic rather than Apoptotic and Does Not Require env. J. Virol. 76: 5082-5093 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Bolton, D. L., Hahn, B.-I., Park, E. A., Lehnhoff, L. L., Hornung, F., Lenardo, M. J. (2002). Death of CD4+ T-Cell Lines Caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Does Not Depend on Caspases or Apoptosis. J. Virol. 76: 5094-5107 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lundquist, C. A., Tobiume, M., Zhou, J., Unutmaz, D., Aiken, C. (2002). Nef-Mediated Downregulation of CD4 Enhances Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication in Primary T Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 76: 4625-4633 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ni, X., Hazarika, P., Zhang, C., Talpur, R., Duvic, M. (2001). Fas Ligand Expression by Neoplastic T Lymphocytes Mediates Elimination of CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Mycosis Fungoides: A Potential Mechanism of Tumor Immune Escape?. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 2682-2692 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hamad, A. R. A., Srikrishnan, A., Mirmonsef, P., Broeren, C. P.M., June, C. H., Pardoll, D., Schneck, J. P. (2001). Lack of Coreceptor Allows Survival of Chronically Stimulated Double-negative {alpha}/{beta} T Cells: Implications for Autoimmunity. JEM 193: 1113-1122 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Esser, M. T., Bess, J. W. Jr., Suryanarayana, K., Chertova, E., Marti, D., Carrington, M., Arthur, L. O., Lifson, J. D. (2001). Partial Activation and Induction of Apoptosis in CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocytes by Conformationally Authentic Noninfectious Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J. Virol. 75: 1152-1164 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ikuta, K., Suzuki, S., Horikoshi, H., Mukai, T., Luftig, R. B. (2000). Positive and Negative Aspects of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease: Development of Inhibitors versus Its Role in AIDS Pathogenesis. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 725-745 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mahlknecht, U., Deng, C., Lu, M. C., Greenough, T. C., Sullivan, J. L., O'Brien, W. A., Herbein, G. (2000). Resistance to Apoptosis in HIV-Infected CD4+ T Lymphocytes Is Mediated by Macrophages: Role for Nef and Immune Activation in Viral Persistence. J. Immunol. 165: 6437-6446 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ullrich, C. K., Groopman, J. E., Ganju, R. K. (2000). HIV-1 gp120- and gp160-induced apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells is mediated by caspases. Blood 96: 1438-1442 [Abstract] [Full Text]
MANION, M. K., SU, Z., VILLAIN, M., BLALOCK, J. E. (2000). A new type of Ca2+ channel blocker that targets Ca2+ sensors and prevents Ca2+-mediated apoptosis. FASEB J. 14: 1297-1306 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tateyama, M., Oyaizu, N., McCloskey, T. W., Than, S., Pahwa, S. (2000). CD4 T lymphocytes are primed to express Fas ligand by CD4 cross-linking and to contribute to CD8 T-cell apoptosis via Fas/FasL death signaling pathway. Blood 96: 195-202 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ledru, E., Christeff, N., Patey, O., de Truchis, P., Melchior, J.-C., Gougeon, M.-L. (2000). Alteration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha T-cell homeostasis following potent antiretroviral therapy: contribution to the development of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipodystrophy syndrome. Blood 95: 3191-3198 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cicala, C., Arthos, J., Rubbert, A., Selig, S., Wildt, K., Cohen, O. J., Fauci, A. S. (2000). HIV-1 envelope induces activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of focal adhesion kinase in primary human CD4+ T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 1178-1183 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Wallace, M., Waterman, P. M., Mitchen, J. L., Djavani, M., Brown, C., Trivedi, P., Horejsh, D., Dykhuizen, M., Kitabwalla, M., Pauza, C. D. (1999). Lymphocyte Activation during Acute Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV89.6PD Infection in Macaques. J. Virol. 73: 10236-10244 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Shankar, P., Xu, Z., Lieberman, J. (1999). Viral-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Lyse Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Primary T Lymphocytes by the Granule Exocytosis Pathway. Blood 94: 3084-3093 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Marodon, G., Warren, D., Filomio, M. C., Posnett, D. N. (1999). Productive infection of double-negative T cells with HIV in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 11958-11963 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Sanzenbacher, R., Kabelitz, D., Janssen, O. (1999). SLP-76 Binding to p56lck: A Role for SLP-76 in CD4-Induced Desensitization of the TCR/CD3 Signaling Complex. J. Immunol. 163: 3143-3152 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cohen, S. S., Li, C., Ding, L., Cao, Y., Pardee, A. B., Shevach, E. M., Cohen, D. I. (1999). Pronounced acute immunosuppression in vivo mediated by HIV Tat challenge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 10842-10847 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kozak, S. L., Kuhmann, S. E., Platt, E. J., Kabat, D. (1999). Roles of CD4 and Coreceptors in Binding, Endocytosis, and Proteolysis of gp120 Envelope Glycoproteins Derived from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 23499-23507 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cicala, C., Arthos, J., Ruiz, M., Vaccarezza, M., Rubbert, A., Riva, A., Wildt, K., Cohen, O., Fauci, A. S. (1999). Induction of Phosphorylation and Intracellular Association of CC Chemokine Receptor 5 and Focal Adhesion Kinase in Primary Human CD4+ T Cells by Macrophage-Tropic HIV Envelope. J. Immunol. 163: 420-426 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Maroto, R., Shen, X., Konig, R. (1999). Requirement for Efficient Interactions Between CD4 and MHC Class II Molecules for Survival of Resting CD4+ T Lymphocytes In Vivo and for Activation-Induced Cell Death. J. Immunol. 162: 5973-5980 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Rich, R. F., Green, W. R. (1999). Antiretroviral Cytolytic T-Lymphocyte Nonresponsiveness: FasL/Fas-Mediated Inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ Antiviral T Cells by Viral Antigen-Positive Veto Cells. J. Virol. 73: 3826-3834 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Adams, V., Jiang, H., Yu, J., Mobius-Winkler, S., Fiehn, E., Linke, A., Weigl, C., Schuler, G., Hambrecht, R. (1999). Apoptosis in skeletal myocytes of patients with chronic heart failure is associated with exercise intolerance. J Am Coll Cardiol 33: 959-965 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Chan, H., Bartos, D. P., Owen-Schaub, L. B. (1999). Activation-Dependent Transcriptional Regulation of the Human fas Promoter Requires NF-kappa B p50-p65 Recruitment. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 2098-2108 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gaubin, M., Autiero, M., Basmaciogullari, S., Metivier, D., Misehal, Z., Culerrier, R., Oudin, A., Guardiola, J., Piatier-Tonneau, D. (1999). Potent Inhibition of CD4/TCR-Mediated T Cell Apoptosis by a CD4-Binding Glycoprotein Secreted from Breast Tumor and Seminal Vesicle Cells. J. Immunol. 162: 2631-2638 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Bonnard, M., Haughn, L., Julius, M. (1999). CD4-Mediated Inhibiton of IL-2 Production in Activated T Cells. J. Immunol. 162: 1252-1260 [Abstract] [Full Text]
ROSSINI, A. A., GREINER, D. L., MORDES, J. P. (1999). Induction of Immunologic Tolerance for Transplantation. Physiol. Rev. 79: 99-141 [Abstract] [Full Text]
McCloskey, T. W., Bakshi, S., Than, S., Arman, P., Pahwa, S. (1998). Immunophenotypic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Undergoing In Vitro Apoptosis After Isolation From Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children. Blood 92: 4230-4237 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Sylwester, A. W., Grivel, J.-C., Fitzgerald, W., Rossio, J. L., Lifson, J. D., Margolis, L. B. (1998). CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Depletion in Human Lymphoid Tissue Ex Vivo Is Not Induced by Noninfectious Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1�Virions. J. Virol. 72: 9345-9347 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Chen, H., Yip, Y. K., George, I., Tyorkin, M., Salik, E., Sperber, K. (1998). Chronically HIV-1-Infected Monocytic Cells Induce Apoptosis in Cocultured T Cells. J. Immunol. 161: 4257-4267 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Berndt, C., Mopps, B., Angermuller, S., Gierschik, P., Krammer, P. H. (1998). CXCR4 and CD4 mediate a rapid CD95-independent cell death in CD4+ T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 12556-12561 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Moutouh, L., Estaquier, J., Richman, D. D., Corbeil, J. (1998). Molecular and Cellular Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Induced Apoptosis in Lymphoblastoid T-Cell-Line-Expressing Wild-Type and Mutated CD4 Receptors. J. Virol. 72: 8061-8072 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gratton, S., Julius, M., Sekaly, R.-P. (1998). lck-Independent Inhibition of T Cell Antigen Response by the HIV gp120. J. Immunol. 161: 3551-3556 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hanon, E., Meyer, G., Vanderplasschen, A., Dessy-Doize, C., Thiry, E., Pastoret, P.-P. (1998). Attachment but Not Penetration of Bovine Herpesvirus 1�Is Necessary To Induce Apoptosis in Target Cells. J. Virol. 72: 7638-7641 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kaplan, D., Sieg, S. (1998). Role of the Fas/Fas Ligand Apoptotic Pathway in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1�Disease. J. Virol. 72: 6279-6282 [Full Text]
Howie, S. E. M., Cotton, G. J., Heslop, I., Martin, N. J., Harrison, D. J., Ramage, R. (1998). Synthetic peptides representing discontinuous CD4 binding epitopes of HIV-1 gp120 that induce T cell apoptosis and block cell death induced by gp120. FASEB J. 12: 991-998 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Poon, B., Grovit-Ferbas, K., Stewart, S. A., Chen, I. S. (1998). Cell Cycle Arrest by Vpr in HIV-1 Virions and Insensitivity to Antiretroviral Agents. Science 281: 266-269 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kmieciak, D., Wasik, T. J., Teppler, H., Pientka, J., Hsu, S. H., Takahashi, H., Okumura, K., Kaneko, Y., Kozbor, D. (1998). The Effect of Deletion of the V3 Loop of gp120 on Cytotoxic T Cell Responses and HIV gp120-Mediated Pathogenesis. J. Immunol. 160: 5676-5683 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gandhi, R. T., Chen, B. K., Straus, S. E., Dale, J. K., Lenardo, M. J., Baltimore, D. (1998). HIV-1 Directly Kills CD4+ T Cells by a Fas-independent Mechanism. JEM 187: 1113-1122 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Fan, X., Robaire, B. (1998). Orchidectomy Induces a Wave of Apoptotic Cell Death in the Epididymis. Endocrinology 139: 2128-2136 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Algeciras, A., Dockrell, D. H., Lynch, D. H., Paya, C. V. (1998). CD4 Regulates Susceptibility to Fas ligand- and Tumor Necrosis Factor-mediated Apoptosis. JEM 187: 711-720 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Briant, L., Robert-Hebmann, V., Sivan, V., Brunet, A., Pouyssegur, J., Devaux, C. (1998). Involvement of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Module in HIV-Mediated CD4 Signals Controlling Activation of Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B and AP-1 Transcription Factors. J. Immunol. 160: 1875-1885 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Herbein, G., Van Lint, C., Lovett, J. L., Verdin, E. (1998). Distinct Mechanisms Trigger Apoptosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected and in Uninfected Bystander T Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 72: 660-670 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yasukawa, M, Inoue, Y, Ohminami, H, Terada, K, Fujita, S (1998). Apoptosis of CD4+ T lymphocytes in human herpesvirus-6 infection. J. Gen. Virol. 79: 143-147 [Abstract]
Secchiero, P., Flamand, L., Gibellini, D., Falcieri, E., Robuffo, I., Capitani, S., Gallo, R. C., Zauli, G. (1997). Human Herpesvirus 7�Induces CD4+ T-Cell Death by Two Distinct Mechanisms: Necrotic Lysis in Productively Infected Cells and Apoptosis in Uninfected or Nonproductively Infected Cells. Blood 90: 4502-4512 [Abstract] [Full Text]
MacLellan, W. R., Schneider, M. D. (1997). Death by Design : Programmed Cell Death in Cardiovascular Biology and Disease. Circ. Res. 81: 137-144 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tamma, S. M.�L., Chirmule, N., Yagura, H., Oyaizu, N., Kalyanaraman, V., Pahwa, S. (1997). CD4 Cross-Linking (CD4XL) Induces RAS Activation and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Secretion in CD4+ T Cells. Blood 90: 1588-1593 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yang, Y., Liu, Z.-H., Ware, C. F., Ashwell, J. D. (1997). A Cysteine Protease Inhibitor Prevents Activation-Induced T-Cell Apoptosis and Death of Peripheral Blood Cells From Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals by Inhibiting Upregulation of Fas Ligand. Blood 89: 550-557 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Accornero, P., Radrizzani, M., Delia, D., Gerosa, F., Kurrle, R., Colombo, M. P. (1997). Differential Susceptibility to HIV-GP120-Sensitized Apoptosis in CD4+ T-Cell Clones With Different T-Helper Phenotypes: Role of CD95/CD95L Interactions. Blood 89: 558-569 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Badley, A. D., Dockrell, D., Simpson, M., Schut, R., Lynch, D. H., Leibson, P., Paya, C. V. (1997). Macrophage-dependent Apoptosis of CD4+ T Lymphocytes from HIV-infected Individuals Is Mediated by FasL and Tumor Necrosis Factor. JEM 185: 55-64 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Li, C., Friedman, D., Wang, C, Metelev, V, Pardee, A. (1995). Induction of apoptosis in uninfected lymphocytes by HIV-1 Tat protein. Science 268: 429-431 [Abstract]
Steller, H (1995). Mechanisms and genes of cellular suicide. Science 267: 1445-1449 [Abstract]
Thompson, C. (1995). Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science 267: 1456-1462 [Abstract]
Paul, W. (1995). Reexamining AIDS research priorities. Science 267: 633-636
Fauci, A. (1993). Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: implications for therapy. Science 262: 1011-1018 [Abstract]
Gougeon, M., Montagnier, L (1993). Apoptosis in AIDS. Science 260: 1269-1270
Haynes, B. (1993). Scientific and social issues of human immunodeficiency virus vaccine development. Science 260: 1279-1286 [Abstract]